India-Pakistan War 2025 Day-by-Day Updates

The 2025 India-Pakistan Standoff has captured global attention, with missile strikes, border clashes, and a fragile ceasefire raising fears of escalation between two nuclear-armed nations. Sparked by a terrorist attack in Jammu and Kashmir, this crisis has deep roots in the Kashmir dispute and affects people worldwide, from Asia to Europe and beyond. Our day-by-day timeline tracks key events from April 22 to May 11, 2025, offering a clear, up-to-date picture of what’s happening and why it matters globally. Let’s walk through the conflict’s progression, its worldwide implications, and what might come next.

Why It Started: The Context

On April 22, 2025, a terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir, killed 27 people, leading India to accuse Pakistan of supporting terrorism. Pakistan denied involvement, fueling tensions over the disputed Kashmir region, a flashpoint since the 1947 partition of British India. The standoff escalated with diplomatic ruptures, military actions, and a U.S.-mediated ceasefire on May 10, now strained by violations. Below is a detailed timeline of events, updated to May 14, 2025.

Day-by-Day Timeline of Key Events

22nd April, 2025: Pahalgam Terror Attack

• Event: The Resistance Front (TRF) attacked Baisaran Valley, Pahalgam, killing 27 people (25 Hindu tourists, one Christian, one Muslim) and injuring over 20.
• Impact: India blamed Pakistan, linking TRF to Lashkar-e-Taiba. Pakistan condemned the attack, denied involvement, and called for an independent investigation.
• Global Context: The attack raised concerns in countries like the UK and Canada with South Asian diasporas, prompting travel advisories.

23rd –26rd April, 2025: Diplomatic Breakdown

• India’s Actions:
  • Expelled Pakistani diplomats, recalled its own from Islamabad, suspended visas, and closed borders.
  • Withdrew from the Indus Waters Treaty (1960), releasing water from the Uri Dam, flooding Pakistan’s Muzaffarabad, and reducing Chenab River flows, causing shortages in Sialkot.
• Pakistan’s Response:
  • Expelled Indian diplomats, banned Indian visas, closed airspace to Indian flights, halted trade, and suspended the Simla Agreement (1972), which governs the Line of Control (LoC).
  • Called India’s water actions an “act of war.”
• Global Context: The treaty withdrawal alarmed Bangladesh and China, reliant on regional water stability, while Europe monitored trade disruptions.

27th April–May 2, 2025: Initial Border Clashes

• Event: Heavy gunfire and artillery fire broke out along the LoC. On April 28, X posts reported Pakistan firing in Kupwara and Poonch; India claimed it inflicted “significant losses.”
• Impact: Both sides reported unverified civilian deaths, escalating public anger and global concern.
• Global Context: Oil prices rose in the Middle East due to fears of regional instability, affecting markets in Japan and the EU.

3 May, 2025: Border Incident

• Event: India’s Border Security Force (BSF) captured a Pakistan Ranger crossing the LoC, heightening tensions.
• Impact: Pakistan labeled it a provocation; India cited security concerns.
• Global Context: The incident worried Afghanistan, fearing spillover violence along its border with Pakistan.

5th May, 2025: India’s Civil Defense Measures

• Event: India launched civil defense drills across seven states, including air raid sirens and evacuations, last conducted in 1971.
• Impact: The drills signaled India’s readiness for escalation, unsettling global investors.
• Global Context: Stock markets in Singapore and London dipped, reflecting fears of a broader conflict.

7th May, 2025: Operation Sindoor

• Event: India launched Operation Sindoor, a 23-minute missile strike using Rafale jets with SCALP missiles and AASM Hammer bombs, targeting nine alleged terrorist camps in Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir (e.g., Bahawalpur, Muzaffarabad, Kotli).
• Impact: India claimed 100 militants killed, including Jaish-e-Mohammed aides. Pakistan reported 31 civilian deaths, including women and children, and mosque damage. U.S. and French sources confirmed one Indian jet loss, denied by India.
• Global Context: The strikes prompted UN calls for restraint, with the EU and Saudi Arabia urging de-escalation.

8th – 9th May, 2025: Pakistan’s Operation Bunyan al-Marsus

• Event: Pakistan retaliated with Operation Bunyan al-Marsus, striking Indian cities (Jammu, Poonch, Uri, Baramulla in Kashmir; Pokhran, Jaisalmer, Bikaner in Rajasthan) using drones and missiles.
• Impact: India reported 12 civilians and one soldier killed in Poonch; Pakistan claimed 40–50 Indian troops killed and 29 drones downed. India’s S-400 system countered strikes in Amritsar.
• Global Context: Flight reroutes by Lufthansa and Singapore Airlines disrupted travel in Asia and Europe, while oil markets in the Gulf spiked.

10th May, 2025: Ceasefire Agreement

• Event: A ceasefire began at 5:00 p.m. IST (11:30 GMT) after U.S.-mediated talks involving 36 countries. India’s Vikram Misri and Pakistan’s Ishaq Dar confirmed it, with talks planned for May 12 at a neutral site.
• Impact: Rajasthan markets reopened, and Pakistan resumed airspace operations. Leaders like Marco Rubio and JD Vance engaged Modi and Shehbaz Sharif.
• Global Context: The ceasefire was welcomed by the G7, China, and Russia, easing global markets and travel restrictions.

10th –11th May, 2025: Ceasefire Violations

• Event: Pakistan allegedly violated the ceasefire with shelling and drone attacks in Jammu, RS Pura, and Udhampur. A BSF Sub-Inspector, Md Imteyaz, and a soldier died. India opened Chenab River dam gates, raising Pakistan’s water concerns.
• Impact: India’s Misri condemned the “gross violation,” promising a response. Pakistan claimed it upheld the ceasefire, blaming India. By May 11, Poonch saw no overnight shelling, and Firozpur, Rajouri, Pathankot normalized, but Amritsar stayed on red alert.
• Global Context: The violations worried the UN and Middle Eastern nations, with Iran renewing mediation offers.

12th, 2025: Ceasefire Talks Begin

• Event: The planned talks between India and Pakistan commenced at a neutral location, facilitated by the U.S., with representatives from 36 countries observing. Both nations agreed to a temporary halt in hostilities to discuss de-escalation.
• Impact: The talks focused on maintaining the ceasefire and addressing water disputes, with India reiterating its stance on cross-border terrorism. Pakistan emphasized the need for mutual restraint.
• Global Context: The UN praised the dialogue, while countries like Japan and Germany expressed hope for a lasting resolution, easing global economic concerns slightly.

13th, 2025: Ceasefire Holds Amid Tensions

• Event: The ceasefire largely held, with no major violations reported. However, India clarified through posts on X that no foreign mediation influenced the ceasefire—it was a direct decision at the Director General of Military Operations (DGMO) level.
• Impact: India maintained that the Indus Waters Treaty remains suspended until Pakistan addresses cross-border terrorism, signaling a “new normal” in bilateral relations.
• Global Context: The clarification reassured nations like Bangladesh, reliant on regional water agreements, but raised concerns in China about long-term water security in the region.

14th May, 2025: DGMO Talks and Diplomatic Moves

• Event: DGMO-level talks between India and Pakistan took place to discuss de-escalation and troop withdrawal, as reported in posts on X. India claimed its military pressure forced Pakistan to stop firing, while Pakistan asked an Indian diplomat to leave within 24 hours, escalating diplomatic tensions.
• Impact: The talks aimed to reduce military presence along the LoC, but Pakistan’s diplomatic expulsion signaled ongoing friction despite the ceasefire holding, according to posts on X.
• Global Context: The UN noted the ceasefire’s stability as an opportunity to resolve “outstanding issues,” urging both nations to continue dialogue. Middle Eastern countries like the UAE monitored the situation, hoping for trade route stability.

15th May 17th May, 2025: Ceasefire Stability

• Event: Ceasefire held; Pakistan’s PM Sharif discussed Indus Waters Treaty concerns with UAE President on May 16. India seized weapons in Shopian, killed three terrorists on May 15.
• Impact: Pakistan sought regional support; India prioritized counter-terrorism.
• Global Context: UAE engagement highlighted trade route concerns; UN monitored positively.

18th May, 2025: Ceasefire Terms Clarified

• Event: Indian Army clarified ceasefire has “no expiry date,” denied DGMO talks. India arrested YouTuber Jyoti Malhotra on spying charges linked to Pakistan.
• Impact: Ceasefire stability reinforced; spying arrest added tension.
• Global Context: Arrest drew global media scrutiny; markets in Asia stabilized.

19th May –20th May, 2025: Diplomatic Pause

• Event: No new talks; India upheld Indus Waters Treaty suspension, Pakistan pushed for its inclusion in discussions.
• Impact: Stagnation kept tensions alive over water and terrorism issues.
• Global Context: China, Bangladesh worried about water security; G7 urged dialogue.

21st May, 2025: Ceasefire Progress Confirmed

• Event: India’s Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri confirmed ceasefire implementation, DGMO communication active, no broader talks planned.
• Impact: India focused on military de-escalation, not diplomacy.
• Global Context: UN, Japan saw it as a positive step, but broader issues lingered.

22nd May, 2025: Current State

• Event: Ceasefire holds as of 08:11 PM IST; no violations. India focuses on security, Pakistan engages UAE. Public sentiments mixed on X.
• Impact: Fragile calm persists; unresolved issues like water rights remain.
• Global Context: UN pushes dialogue; global markets, travel routes cautiously stable.

Why It Matters: The Bigger Picture

The standoff is driven by:

• Kashmir Dispute: A 1947 legacy, with wars in 1947–48, 1965, 1971, and 1999.
• Terrorism Accusations: India links Pakistan to groups like TRF; Pakistan denies this and accuses India of abuses.
• Domestic Pressures: India’s public demands action; Pakistan’s military seeks credibility amid economic struggles.
• Geopolitics: India’s global alliances and Pakistan’s Chinese ties (e.g., J-10CE jets) add layers.

Both nations’ ~250 nuclear warheads heighten global fears, with a 2019 study warning of 50–125 million deaths in a nuclear conflict. The ceasefire offers hope, but violations threaten stability.

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Global Impact: Why It Affects Everyone

This crisis resonates worldwide:

• Security: Nuclear risks could disrupt global stability, affecting countries from Japan to Germany.
• Economy: Oil price spikes impact the Middle East and Europe, while India’s tech sector disruptions hit markets in Singapore and the U.S.
• Travel: Flight reroutes and advisories affect travelers in Asia, Europe, and North America.
• Regional Stability: Afghanistan, Iran, and Bangladesh face risks of spillover violence or water disputes.
• Diplomacy: The U.S.’s mediation, alongside calls from China, the EU, and the UN, highlights global stakes.

What’s Next?

The May 12 talks are pivotal:

• Risks: Ceasefire violations and water disputes could reignite clashes.
• Hope: U.S. mediation, neutral parties (e.g., UAE, Iran), and the Kartarpur Corridor’s operation suggest diplomacy is possible.

A Call for Peace

Voices like Malala Yousafzai (“Hatred and violence are our common enemies”) and student Tehseen Zahra (“We need peace”) reflect a global desire for calm. India and Pakistan should pursue ceasefires, water talks, and prisoner swaps, with the world supporting diplomacy to avoid escalation.

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FAQs About the 2025 India-Pakistan Standoff

What started the 2025 India-Pakistan Standoff?

A terrorist attack on April 22, 2025, in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir, killed 27 people. India accused Pakistan, sparking escalation.

Is there a war between India and Pakistan in 2025?

As of May 11, 2025, it’s a standoff with strikes and a fragile ceasefire, not a full war, but violations persist.

What are the latest updates on the standoff?

A May 10 ceasefire followed U.S. mediation, but Pakistan’s shelling in Jammu and Udhampur violated it. Talks are set for May 12.

How does this affect the world?

Nuclear risks, economic disruptions, and travel issues impact Asia, Europe, and beyond, with global calls for peace.

Could this lead to nuclear war?

Unlikely due to catastrophic costs, but ~250 warheads per side raise concerns.

Can the standoff end peacefully?

Yes, via diplomacy, mediation, and steps like ceasefires, but violations and water disputes must be addressed.

Disclaimer

This blog provides information on the 2025 India-Pakistan Standoff based on publicly available sources as of May 11, 2025. It is intended for informational purposes only and does not endorse any political views or actions. While we strive for accuracy, some details may be unverified or subject to change. Readers should consult trusted news sources for real-time updates and official statements.